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October 26, 2012
In Today's Issue
- 1 Quick Technique To Burn More Fat
- Why The Teen Brain Is Drawn To Risk
- 1 Quick Technique To Burn More Fat
1 Quick Technique To Burn More Fat
Here's Your Free Presentation To Discover: The 1 sneaky technique to trick our bodies to burn more fat... How a unique, simple and quick NEW way of moving eliminates fat - Hint: it's the exact opposite of boring cardio, but with no cardio at all... How a tasty little dish eaten late at night actually boosted the most powerful fat loss hormone in our bodies while you sleep... Click through here now to discover how to burn more fat quicker today...*Disclosure: compensated affiliate*
Why The Teen Brain Is Drawn To Risk
Dear Reader,
Only recently experts have begun to understand to understand, though parents, teachers and others still don't, the wiring of the teenage brain. Unfortunately teens have double the risk of dying compared to their preteen selves and all of us are looking for ways to protect this age group from their own lack of judgment. The thing is, the teen brain may be the result of biological tendencies that on the plus side prime this age to learn and be flexible, but also cause them to make those foolishly daring choices.
Understand that the teen perception of risk is very different from that of adults, but not in the ways you might think. Teens overestimate some risks, things like unprotected sex and use of drugs, but they have a greater tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty... the unknown. Teens live for the unknown. In fact, adolescents engage in more unknown risks than known ones according to study lead author Agnieszka Tymula who is a postdoctoral student attending New York University. The work appears in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
To understand the differences in risk taking the researchers examined 33 healthy teens aged 12 to 17 and 30 healthy adults who were from 30 to 50 years old. They all took part in a gambling game where they could be guaranteed a $5 prize or take a chance at getting a much larger payout, but with the risk of losing it all. Sounds like a great concept for a game show.
You win based on if there was a larger number of red or blue chips in a stack of 100. To vary the ambiguity of the test, bigger or smaller parts of the stack were hidden from view. This design offered different amounts of data about the risks involved.
In some trials, the subjects could choose between $5 and a clear 50% chance at winning $50. In other trails subjects had a choice between $5 and different amounts of money, up to $125, but the probability of winning seemed to change from 25% to 75%. In truth, subjects always had the same 50% chance of winning, but they thought the odds changed. This let the team study examine how subjects thought about ambiguity.
Here's how it worked out...
- If risks are known, teens engage in risk taking less than adults.
- If the risks are unknown, teens engage in more risk taking than adults.
This was demonstrated in instances where the payout was known to be $125; adults always gambled, but not teens.
Researcher Valerie Reyna, professor of human development and psychology at Cornell University, who was not part of the study, believes the research supports current thinking in the area. Her own studies have found that teens overestimate risk. For example, when asked about the risk of AIDS for a sexually active teen girl, teens thought her risk was 60%, when in fact it is miniscule for more American teens.
The maddening thing is that the perception still doesn't stop a teen from engaging in risky behaviors. Teens have a different way of processing information; they get lost in the details on specific risks and are hyper-focused on possible rewards so that they miss the ultimate consequences of the behavior. Adults focus on the end result and consequences for life.
Continues below...
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Why The Teen Brain Is Drawn To Risk Continued...
It appears that teen information processing relies on the rational parts of the brain. Adolescents use their prefrontal cortex to carefully think about risks that a majority of adults would quickly dismiss. They use quantitative reasoning and take almost two times as long as adults to respond. Adults immediately have a negative reaction to risk that comes intuitively from the insula - we say no without having to think.
Why is the teen brain set up this way? It may be that a greater tolerance for the unknown, and an increased desire for reward is what helps them go out on their own... take chances... live with uncertainty. Reyna cautions this theory is speculative, but points out that in experiments in rats, teen rats are more likely to explore a new place. Being more ambiguity tolerant makes this sort of exploration possible.
Accepting uncertainty and being comfortable with not knowing do leave you more open to learning. Think about this, the first part of learning any new skill is taking instruction and consciously thinking about performing the skill the best you can. Learning about the unknown might just be less unpleasant for teens than adults. As a person ages, we incorporate the best routines into the brain and they become automatic. This might be why the teen brain uses the higher order cortex for risk decisions. It hasn't made enough of them yet to develop an intuitive reaction that can be given off to other parts of the brain.
How can we help? By making risks more known. A simulator that shows sober teens what drunk driving is like from behind the wheel. Letting teens take risks in a safe space also helps them develop expertise that is incredibly valuable in terms of risk taking.
To your good health,
Kirsten Whittaker
Daily Health Bulletin Editor
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Sources:
http://edition.cnn.com/2012/10/08/health/time-teen-brain-risk/index.html
Frontline info on the teen brain:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/teenbrain/
Valerie Reyna, professor of human development and psychology at Cornell University:
http://www.human.cornell.edu/bio.cfm?netid=vr53
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